In less than three days before the end of 2024, a review of the significant events that influenced the health sector throughout the year is underway. Several occurrences impacted the health sector in the country. The year commenced with discontent over the health sector allocation not meeting the 15% commitment as specified in the 2001 Abuja Declaration. The budget passed by the National Assembly allocated less than 5% to the health sector. Disease outbreaks including cholera, Lassa fever, monkeypox, and concerns about Omicron and XEC COVID variants were recorded during the year.
Manpower and human resources in the health sector continued to decline as many professionals migrated to other countries. Concerns were raised over the shortage of healthcare professionals, with reports indicating a significant number leaving the country. While progress was made in achieving Universal Health Coverage with increased health insurance coverage, the country still falls short of meeting the Sustainable Development Goals set for 2030.
Challenges such as a 220% increase in suspected cholera cases, ongoing Lassa fever threat, and reports of a new COVID variant were highlighted. The impact of malnutrition and hunger, exacerbated by rising food prices and economic factors, was also noted. The cholera outbreak was linked to 2024 flooding that affected millions and claimed lives. The arrival of malaria vaccines and the first local bone marrow transplant were positive developments in the healthcare sector.
Policies introduced in 2024 aimed to address various healthcare issues, including an executive order to boost local production of healthcare products and free caesarean sections for eligible pregnant women. Stakeholders praised these policies, hoping for their effective implementation in 2025. Discussions on unimplemented policies were also part of the appraisal of the health sector in the year.